https://armypubs.army.mil/epubs/DR_pubs/DR_a/ARN32293-AR_5-25-000-WEB-1.pdf
UNCLASSIFIED
Army Regulation 5–25
Management
Army Weather
Functional
Activities
Headquarters
Department of the Army
Washington, DC
14 August 2023
SUMMARY of CHANGE
AR 5 – 25
Army Weather Functional Activities
This major revision, dated 14 August 2023—
o Adds records management requirements (para 1 – 5).
o Updates responsibilities (paras 1 – 8 through 1– 23).
o Implements Army General Order 2020 – 20, adjusting responsibilities between the Chief Information Officer and
the Deputy Chief of Staff, G –6 (paras 1– 10 and 1 – 13).
o Implements Army Directive 2022 – 07 (Army Modernization Roles and Responsibilities) adjusting responsibilities
between Deputy Chief of Staff, G – 2; Assistant Secretary of the Army (Acquisition, Logistics and Technology);
and Commanding General, U.S. Army Futures Command (para 1 – 11).
o Adds Deputy Chief of Staff, G – 8 responsibilities (para 1 – 14).
o Implements Army General Order 2018 –10, adding Commanding General, U.S. Army Futures Command
responsibilities (para 1 – 18).
o Updates responsibilities for Army commands and Army enterprise lead commands (para 2– 2).
o Updates policy on Army-owned weather observing systems for Army locations (paras 4 – 1 through 4– 3).
o Updates information on interagency and coalition forums (chap 5).
*This regulation supersedes AR 5-25, dated 21 October 2016.
AR 5–25 • 14 August 2023
UNCLASSIFIED i
Headquarters
Department of the Army
Washington, DC
*Army Regulation 5–25
14 August 2023 Effective 14 September 2023
Management
Army Weather Functional Activities
History. This publication is a major re-
vision.
Summary. This regulation establishes
policies and responsibilities for managing
weather functions within the Army. It fur-
ther delineates Army responsibilities as
stated in AR 115 –10/AFI 15 –157 (IP),
addresses Army unique issues related to
weather support, and includes Army
weather issues not applicable to AR
115– 10/AFI 15– 157 (IP).
Applicability. This regulation applies
to the Regular Army, the Army National
Guard/Army National Guard of the
United States, and the U.S. Army Re-
serve, unless otherwise stated.
Proponent and exception authority.
The proponent of this regulation is the
Deputy Chief of Staff, G– 2. The propo-
nent has the authority to approve excep-
tions or waivers to this regulation that are
consistent with controlling law and regu-
lations. The proponent may delegate this
approval authority, in writing, to a divi-
sion chief within the proponent agency or
its direct reporting unit or field operating
agency, in the grade of colonel or the ci-
vilian equivalent. Activities may request a
waiver to this regulation by providing jus-
tification that includes a full analysis of
the expected benefits and must include
formal review by the activity’s senior le-
gal officer. All waiver requests will be en-
dorsed by the commander or senior leader
of the requesting activity and forwarded
through their higher headquarters to the
policy proponent. Refer to AR 25 – 30 for
specific requirements.
Army internal control process.
This regulation contains internal control
provisions in accordance with AR 11 –2
and identifies key internal controls that
must be evaluated (see appendix B).
Supplementation. Supplementation
of this regulation and establishment of
agency, command, and installation forms
are prohibited without prior approval
from the Deputy Chief of Staff, G– 2
(DAMI– OI), 1000 Army Pentagon,
Washington, DC 20310 – 1040.
Suggested improvements. Users
are invited to send comments and sug-
gested improvements on DA Form 2028
(Recommended Changes to Publications
and Blank Forms) directly to the Deputy
Chief of Staff, G– 2 (DAMI– OI), 1000
Army Pentagon, Washington, DC
20310– 1040 or via email to usarmy.pen-
tagon.hqda-dcs-g-2.mbx.g-2-publica-
tions-suggested-imp1@army.mil.
Distribution. This regulation is availa-
ble in electronic media only and is in-
tended for the Regular Army, the Army
National Guard/Army National Guard of
the United States, and the U.S. Army Re-
serve.
Contents (Listed by paragraph and page number)
Chapter 1
General, page 1
Section I
Introduction, page 1
Purpose • 1 – 1, page 1
References and forms • 1 – 2, page 1
Explanation of abbreviations and terms • 1 –3, page 1
Responsibilities • 1 – 4, page 1
Records management (recordkeeping) requirements • 1 – 5, page 1
General • 1 – 6, page 1
Policy • 1 – 7, page 1
Section II
Responsibilities, page 1
Assistant Secretary of the Army (Acquisition, Logistics and Technology) • 1 –8, page 1
Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations, Energy and Environment) • 1 – 9, page 2
Army Chief Information Officer • 1 – 10, page 2
Contents—Continued
AR 5–25 • 14 August 2023 ii
Deputy Chief of Staff, G – 2 • 1 – 11, page 2
Deputy Chief of Staff, G – 3/5/7 • 1 – 12, page 2
Deputy Chief of Staff, G – 6 • 1 – 13, page 2
Deputy Chief of Staff, G – 8 • 1 – 14, page 2
Deputy Chief of Staff, G – 9 • 1 – 15, page 2
Commanders of Army commands, Army service component commands, direct reporting units, field operating agen-
cies, Regular Army Units, and Reserve Components at all levels • 1 – 16, page 3
Commanding General, U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command • 1 – 17, page 3
Commanding General, U.S. Army Futures Command • 1– 18, page 3
Commanding General, U.S. Army Forces Command • 1 –19, page 3
Commanding General, U.S. Army Materiel Command • 1 –20, page 4
Commanding General, U.S. Army Test and Evaluation Command • 1– 21, page 4
Commanding General, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers • 1 – 22, page 4
Commanding General, U.S. Army Cyber Command • 1 – 23, page 5
Chapter 2
Army Responsibilities in Support of U.S. Air Force Weather Units, page 5
General • 2 – 1, page 5
Army commands and Army enterprise lead commands • 2–2, page 5
Chapter 3
Weather Services, Information, and Needs, page 6
Scope • 3 – 1, page 6
Determining Army weather support requirements • 3 – 2, page 6
Chapter 4
Army-Owned Weather Observing Systems, page 11
Scope • 4 – 1, page 11
Purchase of Army weather sensing equipment • 4 – 2, page 11
Equipment maintenance, calibration, and standardization • 4– 3, page 12
Standards of operation • 4 – 4, page 12
Chapter 5
Interagency and Coalition Forums, page 12
North Atlantic Treaty Organization • 5 – 1, page 12
The Interagency Council for Advancing Meteorological Services • 5 – 2, page 12
Appendixes
A. References, page 13
B. Internal Control Evaluation, page 14
Table List
Table 3 – 1: Weather watch and warning criteria, page 11
Figure List
Figure 3 – 1: Sample memorandum for a request for weather services, page 8
Figure 3 – 1: Sample memorandum for a request for weather services—continued, page 8
Figure 3 – 2: Sample memorandum for a weather request for a new Army program, page 10
Figure 3 – 2: Sample memorandum for a weather request for a new Army program—continued, page 10
Glossary
AR 5–25 • 14 August 2023 1
Chapter 1
General
Section I
Introduction
1–1. Purpose
This regulation prescribes policies, procedures, duties, responsibilities, and relationships applicable to Army organi-
zations engaged in meteorological and meteorological-related activities.
1–2. References and forms
See appendix A.
1–3. Explanation of abbreviations and terms
See the glossary.
1–4. Responsibilities
Responsibilities are listed in section II of chapter 1.
1–5. Records management (recordkeeping) requirements
The records management requirement for all record numbers, associated forms, and reports required by this regulation
are addressed in the Records Retention Schedule-Army (RRS – A). Detailed information for all related record numbers,
forms, and reports are located in Army Records Information Management System (ARIMS)/RRS – A at
https://www.arims.army.mil. If any record numbers, forms, and reports are not current, addressed, and/or published
correctly in ARIMS/RRS – A, see DA Pam 25 – 403 for guidance.
1–6. General
This regulation establishes policy to enable Air Force (AF) weather services on Army installations in accordance with
AR 115 – 10/AFI 15 – 157 (IP).
a. All budgets and administrative and logistical services in support of AF weather personnel will be commensurate
with the corresponding services provided to the supported Army organizations.
b. As part of the Army garrison or mission commanders' (MCs) respective budgets, the Army provides services
and facilities to AF weather personnel.
c. The AF pays for services above the baseline standard unless the additional services are requested by the Army.
Note. See chapter 2 for detailed information.
1–7. Policy
a. Army organizations will identify weather services and support requirements to the staff weather officer (SWO)
aligned within their organization or the SWO in the next higher echelon.
b. Army organizations will maintain and calibrate Army-owned weather equipment per applicable Federal stand-
ards, technical orders (TOs), technical manuals, and manufacturer specifications.
Section II
Responsibilities
1–8. Assistant Secretary of the Army (Acquisition, Logistics and Technology)
The ASA (ALT) will fund or provide—
a. Materiel solutions to meet the Army’s terrestrial and aerial weather sensing requirements.
b. Weather research and development (R&D) initiatives and weather research, development, test, and evaluation
(RDT&E) support to test ranges and centers.
c. The Army’s annual contribution to the Director, Interagency Council for Advancing Meteorological Services,
as directed by the Secretary of Defense.
AR 5–25 • 14 August 2023 2
1–9. Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations, Energy and Environment)
The ASA (IE&E) has oversight authority as the senior co-chair of the Army Installation Program Evaluation Group.
1–10. Army Chief Information Officer
The CIO will ensure the Army’s data and information strategy incorporates and assimilates authoritative AF-provided
weather data and information.
1–11. Deputy Chief of Staff, G–2
The DCS, G– 2 will—
a. Serve as the Headquarters, Department of the Army staff lead for integrating Army weather policy.
b. Serve as the Army representative on the Automated Surface Observing System Program Management Council.
c. Represent the Army at Joint Staff, Office of the Secretary of Defense, and Federal agency weather-related forums
and committees.
d. Ensure the Army portion of the Department of Defense (DoD) section of the intelligence mission area assimilates
and incorporates authoritative AF-provided weather data and information.
e. Coordinate with the Commanding General (CG), U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) and the CG, U.S.
Army Futures Command (AFC) on weather-related research and engineering activities.
f. Assist Army commands (ACOMs) and organizations with documenting and staffing requests for weather infor-
mation and services.
1–12. Deputy Chief of Staff, G –3/5/7
The DCS, G– 3/5/7 will—
a. Validate, approve, and set priorities for weather support requests for Army training, contingency, and combat
operations.
b. Collaborate with DoD, Federal, and civilian agencies on aviation weather issues and matters in coordination
with DCS, G– 2.
c. Coordinate with DCS, G – 6 to ensure mission command systems have access to authoritative AF-provided op-
erational weather data and information for Army warfighters.
d. Provide the Army aviation weather interface to DoD, Federal, and civilian agencies.
e. Ensure Army operational architectures include capability for the Army operating force to access authoritative
AF-provided weather data and information in a timely manner.
f. Identify, document, and prioritize Army airfield and installation weather sensing requirements.
1–13. Deputy Chief of Staff, G –6
The DCS, G– 6 will ensure enterprise information environment efforts fully enable the required capability to access
authoritative AF-provided weather data and information as the Army’s lead for the Enterprise Information Environ-
ment Mission Area.
1–14. Deputy Chief of Staff, G –8
The DCS, G– 8 will—
a. As the principal advisor to the Chief of Staff, Army on all materiel requirements, manage Army implementation
of the Joint Capabilities Integration and Development System for Army terrestrial and aerial weather sensing capabil-
ity in coordination with the ASA (ALT); CG, U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC); CG, AFC;
and force modernization proponents identified in AR 5 – 22.
b. Coordinate with the ASA (ALT) on all proposed programming and process recommendations related to Army
terrestrial and aerial weather sensing capabilities.
c. Coordinate the operational needs statement and other quick reaction capabilities doctrine, organization, training,
materiel, leadership and education, personnel, facilities, and policy implications reviews for ground-based and aerial
weather sensing capability with CG, TRADOC.
d. Assess, determine, and synchronize materiel solutions with key stakeholders for all validated weather sensing
capability operational needs statements.
1–15. Deputy Chief of Staff, G –9
The DCS, G– 9 will—
a. Program for funds to support AF weather organizations at Army installations commensurate with and compara-
ble to the support provided to Army organizations and units on each installation. The AF weather organizations will
AR 5–25 • 14 August 2023 3
receive the baseline level of non-reimbursable base operations support, facility military construction and sustainment,
restoration, and modernization support, and facility services provided to Army units and organizations on the instal-
lation.
b. Provide the Installation Program Evaluation Group with a co-chair, executive and administrative support, and
guidance to inform and validate funding requirements for installation services and facility sustainment restoration and
modernization support provided by Army to AF weather units.
c. Help resolve functional issues and differences elevated by the AF receivers and Army suppliers.
d. Provide support to AF weather personnel, in accordance with chapter 2.
e. Ensure all appropriate AF weather facilities (for example, combat weather squadrons) data and requirements are
incorporated in all Army information systems supporting facility, planning, programming, and budgeting activities.
f. Keep DCS, G– 2 informed of any changes related to AF weather facility activities.
1–16. Commanders of Army commands, Army service component commands, direct reporting
units, field operating agencies, Regular Army Units, and Reserve Components at all levels
These commanders will—
a. Plan, program, and budget resources (for example, power, infrastructure, communications, and so forth) to install
AF-provided weather observing systems (for example, Allied Support).
b. Coordinate weather requests through the command’s servicing SWO (see chap 3 for more information).
c. Coordinate all weather-related lessons learned with AF SWOs supporting the Army unit prior to submission to
CG, TRADOC, CG, U.S. Army Intelligence Center of Excellence, and the Director, Center for Army Lessons Learned.
d. Certify Army-procured weather sensing systems per chapter 4 of this regulation.
e. Procure and maintain weather sensing equipment at locations not meeting the criteria listed in AR 115 – 10/AFI
15 – 157 (IP).
f. Provide funding for AF weather services and support of AF weather personnel per chapter 2 of this regulation.
g. Provide inputs to the annual tasking from the DCS, G – 2 (DAMI – OI) concerning the Federal Meteorological
Enterprise Budget and Coordination Report.
h. Submit documented deficiencies in weather operations and support identified during training, operations, exer-
cises, and contingencies to TRADOC.
1–17. Commanding General, U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command
The CG, TRADOC will—
a. Ensure AF weather expertise is integrated into the doctrine development, review, and update process.
b. Develop training for AF weather personnel in coordination with CG, U.S. Army Forces Command
(FORSCOM), DCS, G – 2, and DCS, G – 3/5/7 for AF weather personnel supporting Army operations on Army-specific
requirements not available through formal AF training programs.
c. Collect Army weather support lessons learned, and communicate the effectiveness of weather services provided
to the Army by the AF. Identify and forward any shortfalls and best practices through the DCS, G – 3/5/7 and the DCS,
G– 2 to the Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations, HQ AF A3.
1–18. Commanding General, U.S. Army Futures Command
The CG, AFC will—
a. Integrate commercial innovation, cutting-edge science and technology, prototyping, and warfighter feedback
into the development of terrestrial and aerial weather sensing capabilities and requirements.
b. Incorporate operational weather data and information requirements in Army requirements documents, as appro-
priate.
c. Conduct R&D of fine scale atmospheric science to include advances in numerical weather prediction, atmos-
pheric characterization, and sensors and sensing methodologies.
d. Include authoritative AF-provided weather data and information requirements in future Army operational archi-
tectures.
e. Provide support to the Interagency Committee for Advancing Meteorological Services.
1–19. Commanding General, U.S. Army Forces Command
The CG, FORSCOM will—
a. Ensure AF weather expertise is utilized to provide oversight of all adaptive planning and actions to appropriately
aligned AF weather personnel assigned to support Army units.
AR 5–25 • 14 August 2023 4
b. Request AF weather personnel to support specific Army units participation in Army unit training, readiness,
mobilization, deployment, redeployment, and demobilization activities.
c. Develop training for AF weather personnel in coordination with CG, TRADOC, DCS, G– 3/5/7, and DCS, G – 2
for AF weather personnel supporting Army operations on Army-specific requirements not available through formal
AF training programs.
d. Employ AF weather expertise for Defense Support of Civil Authorities and real-world weather events.
e. Program for AF weather units and personnel supporting Army units to attend combat training center rotations
and other training events.
f. Support Army equipping of AF weather personnel in accordance with AR 71 –32.
g. Coordinate Army training requirements for AF weather personnel assigned to support the Army’s operating
force with CG, TRADOC and the DCS, G – 2.
h. Coordinate with Air Combat Command for execution requirements to appropriately aligned AF weather person-
nel assigned to support the deployed Army units.
1–20. Commanding General, U.S. Army Materiel Command
The CG, AMC will—
a. Fund garrison support for the AF weather organizations at U.S. Army installations commensurate with and
comparable to the support U.S. Army Installation Management Command (IMCOM) provides to Army organizations
and units on each installation.
b. Provide the AF weather organizations with base operations support and facility sustainment restoration and
modernization support on the same basis as the garrisons provide this support to Army units and organizations. The
AF weather organizations will receive the baseline level of non-reimbursable garrison support (for example, facility
space, military construction, utilities, and other applicable installation services) within Army baseline standards and
funded levels of support.
c. Provide support to AF weather personnel in accordance with chapter 2.
d. Keep DCS, G– 2 informed of any changes related to weather facilities on Army installations.
1–21. Commanding General, U.S. Army Test and Evaluation Command
The CG, ATEC will—
a. Provide operational meteorological support to Army RDT&E test ranges and centers.
b. Upon request, provide operational meteorological support for test missions conducted away from Army RDT&E
test ranges and centers.
c. Develop weather models and nowcasting tools to support RDT&E at test ranges and centers.
d. Provide representatives to and participate in the operational weather and geospatial R&D collaboration commu-
nity of practice (CoP) as required.
1–22. Commanding General, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
The CG, USACE is the director and monitor for Army programs in the atmospheric, topographic, hydrographic, and
terrestrial sciences. The CG, USACE will—
a. Review all emerging Army systems for impacts (natural and induced) of the environment on those systems.
b. Support cold region R&D.
c. Advise the ASA (ALT) on and assist the CG, AFC with hydrological R&D and provide hydrological studies,
forecasts, and decision aids for military training, operations, and emergency purposes.
d. Provide special climatological studies and climatic design criteria for use in environmental testing, both natural
and chambered.
e. Demonstrate live, virtual, and constructive environmental simulations in a common synthetic operational envi-
ronment.
f. Through the Director, Army Geospatial Research Laboratory, integrate weather and environmental information
into the geospatial CoP.
g. Provide representatives to and participate in the weather and geospatial R&D collaboration CoP.
h. Through the Director, U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center involved in weather- and hydrol-
ogy-related R&D activities—
(1) Manage USACE R&D programs in this area with a focus on developing synergies, reducing costs, and enhanc-
ing technical productivity toward the development of operational weather and geospatial capabilities (for example,
tools and applications).
(2) Share all tools, applications, and intellectual capital among these laboratories and centers.
AR 5–25 • 14 August 2023 5
(3) Routinely collaborate in a CoP.
1–23. Commanding General, U.S. Army Cyber Command
The CG, ARCYBER will—
a. Fund command, control, communications, computers, and information management support to AF weather units
commensurate with and comparable to support provided to Army units on installations (that is, baseline level of sup-
port within Army baseline standards and funded levels of support).
b. Recognize, formulate, and update baseline information technology (IT) fielding templates for AF weather units
assigned to Army installations.
c. Create and maintain theater-specific service level agreements for AF weather IT programs of record in coordi-
nation with Air Force Materiel Command.
d. Formally request Air Force Materiel Command provide complete visibility and continuous access to all risk
management framework and security authorization documentation in the Enterprise Mission Assurance Support Ser-
vice to expedite Army authorities and approvals to connect AF weather software and systems to Army networks.
e. Employ cybersecurity reciprocal acceptance of existing AF weather software and systems authorizations and the
artifacts contributing to these authorizations to the maximum extent in accordance with DoDI 8510.01.
f. Assist Air Force Materiel Command with approvals to connect AF weather software and systems to Army net-
works.
g. Notify Air Force Materiel Command of weather software and systems on Army networks failing to comply with
cybersecurity standards and risk management security controls, and include vulnerability mitigation and remediation
actions required by the AF prior to disconnection from Army networks.
Chapter 2
Army Responsibilities in Support of U.S. Air Force Weather Units
2–1. General
This chapter clarifies Army responsibilities for funding installation and mission services for AF weather organizations
that include, but are not limited to, the categories listed in this regulation and AR 115 –10/AFI 15 – 157 (IP). As AF
weather units are stationed on Army installations to directly support the Army mission, the Army funds and provides
installation support within the baseline standards to the AF weather organizations on the same basis as for all Army
organizations without reimbursement from the AF. It is the responsibility of the supported ACOM to ensure support
requirements for AF weather organizations are included in the command’s program objective memorandum and
budget process. Supporting Army organizations are responsible for programming and budgeting to fund installation
or mission support services that enable the AF to provide weather support for the installation’s tactical and garrison
airfield or heliport operations mission, as well as the tactical missions of the MCs.
2–2. Army commands and Army enterprise lead commands
CG, AMC, through CG, IMCOM and other Army enterprise lead commanders having installation management re-
sponsibilities, provide installation services to the AF that include, but are not limited to, the categories listed in this
regulation and AR 115 – 10/AFI 15 – 157 (IP). Mission or installation services that are within the ACOM, Army service
component command (ASCC), or direct reporting unit (DRU) area of responsibility will be made available to the AF
weather organizations within the Army’s operational support standard. This will be done at the same level as received
by the supporting ACOM, ASCC, or DRU’s own staff for items such as furniture, office equipment, automation sys-
tems (desktop computers, laptops, IT refresh, and so forth), office supplies, and travel and per diem for AF-provided
weather subject matter experts and SWOs directly supporting ACOM, ASCC, or DRU mission requirements.
a. The MC will fund support for the AF weather organization commensurate with and comparable to the support
that the MC provides or funds for its own mission and subordinate units on the installation (for example, direct costs
in support of training missions, deployment support for a brigade combat team, special mission airfield or heliport
events, organizational- or unit-level maintenance, fuels, tactical equipment, per diem for AF-provided weather subject
matter expertise, or experts in direct support of the MC). The MC will program for, prioritize, and provide automation
systems (such as desktop computers, laptops, printers, and IT refresh) for AF weather personnel assigned to support
the Army tactical mission in accordance with Army policy and processes for procuring IT hardware, software, and
services. This includes mission-owned-and-operated airfields and heliports.
b. The garrison commander (GC) will fund support for the AF weather organizations commensurate with and com-
parable to Army organizations and units on the installation. The GC will fund base operations and facility sustainment
AR 5–25 • 14 August 2023 6
support for AF weather organizations (such as utilities, security, common use infrastructure, and so forth). The GC
will fund support for AF weather organizations facility services, public works, and so forth that are not in the MC’s
funding portfolio. The GC will program for, prioritize, and provide installation services that are within the GC’s
funding portfolio and ensure these services are provided to AF weather organizations on the Army installation in
accordance with the Army’s base operations support and facility sustainment standards. For AMC- and IMCOM-
managed or operated airfields and heliports, the GC will program for, prioritize, and provide automation systems (such
as personal computers, laptops, printers, and IT refresh for AF weather personnel assigned to support the IMCOM
airfield and heliport).
c. Enterprise supporting commanders and directors, such as those for Network Enterprise Technology Command,
U.S. Army Medical Command, and the U.S. Army Sustainment Command, will fund support for the AF weather
organizations commensurate with and comparable to the support these commands provide to Army tenant organiza-
tions on the installation.
d. Army commanders are not authorized to fund requests for support that are AF-unique (for example, meteoro-
logical-focused services and non-standard AF training requirements), above baseline level services (for example, AF-
requested additional IT services).
Chapter 3
Weather Services, Information, and Needs
3–1. Scope
This chapter describes how Army organizations obtain weather support to enhance planning and execution.
3–2. Determining Army weather support requirements
a. Army organizations obtain weather services and information from the first SWO aligned with the chain of com-
mand. AF SWOs leverage weather capabilities provided by AF weather units and have access to authoritative weather
data used in military operations.
b. To request weather support, organizations will provide the SWO—
(1) The purpose for tailored operational climatology, long-range weather outlooks, mission planning and execution
forecasts, space weather, weather warnings, advisories being requested.
(2) Weather parameters required for hydrological forecasts, terrain analysis, and mobility assessments.
c. If the request is outside the scope of the AF weather organization’s missions, mission-essential task lists, and
resources, the requesting organization will—
(1) Obtain guidance for weather services and information requests from the DCS, G – 2 if applicable.
(2) Document weather support requirement in a formal memorandum staffed to the DCS, G – 2 that includes justi-
fication; what, how, when, and where support is required; the impact to the mission if not supported; mission-unique
weather sensitivity thresholds (as required); and specific time period.
d. See figures 3– 1 and 3 – 2 for sample memorandums. See table 3 – 1 for a list of weather warning and watches
criteria.
AR 5–25 • 14 August 2023 7
Figure 3 –1. Sample memorandum for a request for weather services
AR 5–25 • 14 August 2023 8
Figure 3–1. Sample memorandum for a request for weather services—continued
AR 5–25 • 14 August 2023 9
Figure 3–2. Sample memorandum for a weather request for a new Army program
AR 5–25 • 14 August 2023 10
Figure 3–2. Sample memorandum for a weather request for a new Army program—continued
AR 5–25 • 14 August 2023 11
Table 3–1
Weather watch and warning criteria — Continued
Launch and recovery weather alert criteria
Alert type Advisory watch Warning
Tornado within 5 nautical miles (NMs) Potential exists Desired lead time (DLT) 30 minutes
Hail >3/4 inch Potential exists DLT 2 hours
Hail >1/2 but <3/4 inch Potential exists DLT 1 hour
Hail <1/2 inch Potential exists DLT 2 hours
Winds >50 knots Potential exists DLT 2 hours
Winds >35 but <50 knots Potential exists DLT 1 hour
Winds >25 but <35 knots Not applicable (N/A) DLT 1 hour
Cross winds >10 but <20 knots N/A Observed
Cross winds >20 knots N/A Observed
Low level wind shear N/A Observed
Freezing precipitation Potential exists DLT 2 hours
Heavy precipitation >2 inches within 12 hours Potential exists DLT 2 hours
Heavy snow >2 inches within 12 hours Potential exists DLT 2 hours
Blizzard duration >3 hours (>30 knots, falling and
blowing snow, and < 1/4 statute mile visibility)
Potential exists DLT 2 hours
Visibility <5/8 statute mile in blowing sand and/or
dust
Potential exists DLT 2 hours
Sea surface temperature <40 Fahrenheit N/A Observed
Wave height >3 meters/12 feet N/A Observed
Frost on station Potential exists DLT 5 hours
Wind chill temperature <-20 Fahrenheit DLT 24 hours Observed
Lightning within 20NMs N/A Observed
Lightning within 10NMs N/A Observed
Lightning within 5NMs DLT 30 minutes N/A Observed
En-route weather alert criteria
Alert type Advisory watch Warning
Thunderstorms within 25NMs orbit area N/A DLT 1 hour
Turbulence >moderate
Surface-30 thousand feet
N/A DLT 1 hour
Any icing within 25NMs N/A DLT 1 hour
Chapter 4
Army-Owned Weather Observing Systems
4–1. Scope
This chapter applies to Army-owned automated weather sensing equipment for Army locations.
4–2. Purchase of Army weather sensing equipment
a. The Army has a responsibility to provide weather sensing equipment in accordance with AR 115 – 10/AFI
15 – 157 (IP).
AR 5–25 • 14 August 2023 12
b. Organizations may coordinate with the DCS, G – 2 for procurement of Army weather sensors.
4–3. Equipment maintenance, calibration, and standardization
a. Army organizations that own weather sensing equipment supporting aviation operations perform required user
and operator maintenance in accordance with equipment TOs and operator manuals. This includes equipment calibra-
tion and standardization in accordance with established maintenance schedules and other contract or local instructions
outlining acceptable maintenance support and response times. Calibration and standardization should be performed
upon installation, at least annually thereafter, and after any major maintenance is performed on automated weather
observing systems.
b. Army organizations that own automated weather sensors will have applicable operator manuals or TOs (soft
copy or hardcopy) on hand for each piece of an assigned fixed and deployable automated weather observing system.
Organizations will operate meteorological equipment in accordance with its applicable TO or operator manual.
4–4. Standards of operation
a. Army representatives to North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) meteorological committees and forums
will provide the DCS, G – 2 with a copy of trip reports, minutes, and agendas from these meetings. Army representa-
tives may only represent Army meteorological interests with regard to R&D and as related to artillery meteorology.
b. Army organizations owning automated weather observing systems will officially log out equipment not operat-
ing in accordance with published standards in Federal Meteorological Handbook Number 1.
c. Army organizations owning automated weather observing systems will transfer data to the 557 Weather Wing
and regional operational weather squadrons. The data from automated observing systems helps to improve the accu-
racy of weather warning services and weather forecasts.
Chapter 5
Interagency and Coalition Forums
5–1. North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Army representatives to NATO meteorological committees and forums will provide the DCS, G – 2 with a copy of trip
reports, minutes, and agendas from these meetings. Army representatives may only represent Army meteorological
interests with regard to R&D and as related to artillery meteorology.
5–2. The Interagency Council for Advancing Meteorological Services
a. Interagency Council for Advancing Meteorological Services was established by the Director of the Office of
Science and Technology Policy pursuant to Public Law 115 – 25. It is the formal mechanism by which all relevant
Federal departments and agencies coordinate implementation of policy and practices to ensure U.S. global leadership
in the meteorological services enterprise.
b. In coordination with the Secretary of Defense and the Secretaries of the Military Departments, the Secretary of
the Army will participate in the annual development of an interagency budget review of programs supporting meteor-
ological services and supporting research and annual implementation plans.
c. DCS, G– 2 will maintain visibility on Interagency Council for Advancing Meteorological Services committees,
subcommittees, and working groups and determine participation of appropriate Army subject matter experts, as re-
quired.
AR 5–25 • 14 August 2023 13
Appendix A
References
Section I
Required Publications
AR 5 – 22
The Army Force Modernization Proponent System (Cited in para 1–14a.)
AR 115 – 10/AFI 15 – 157 (IP)
Weather Support for the U.S. Army (Cited in the title page.)
DoDI 8510.01
Risk Management Framework for DoD Systems (Available at https://www.esd.whs.mil/dd/.) (Cited in para 1–23e.)
Federal Meteorological Handbook Number 1
Surface Weather Observations and Reports (Available at https://www.icams-portal.gov/.) (Cited in para 4–4b.)
Section II
Related Publications
A related publication is a source of additional information. The user does not have to read it to understand this publi-
cation.
AR 5 – 9
Installation Agreements
AR 11 –2
Managers’ Internal Control Program
AR 25 –30
Army Publishing Program
AR 71 –32
Force Development and Documentation Consolidated Policies
DA Pam 25 – 403
Army Guide to Recordkeeping
DoDI 4000.19
Support Agreements (Available at https://www.esd.whs.mil/dd/.)
Public Law 115 – 25
Weather Research and Forecasting Innovation Act of 2017 (Available at https://www.congress.gov/.)
Section III
Prescribed Forms
This section contains no entries.
Section IV
Referenced Forms
Unless otherwise indicated, DA forms are available on the Army Publishing Directorate website
(https://armypubs.army.mil/).
DA Form 11 – 2
Internal Control Evaluation Certification
DA Form 2028
Recommended Changes to Publications and Blank Forms
AR 5–25 • 14 August 2023 14
Appendix B
Internal Control Evaluation
B–1. Function
The function covered in this evaluation is associated with the support of AF weather personnel, assessment of weather
services and needs, Army-owned automated weather observing systems, collaboration of Army laboratories, and ex-
tramural activities.
B–2. Purpose
The purpose of this evaluation is to assist commanders and organizations in evaluating key internal controls outlined
below. It is not intended to address all internal control elements.
B–3. Instructions
Answers must be based upon the actual testing of key internal controls (for example, document analysis, direct obser-
vation, sampling, simulation, or others). Answers that indicate deficiencies must be explained and the corrective action
indicated in the supporting documentation. These internal controls must be evaluated at least once every 5 years.
Certification that this evaluation has been conducted must be accomplished on DA Form 11 – 2 (Internal Control Eval-
uation Certification).
B–4. Test questions
a. Support of Air Force weather personnel. See AR 115 – 10/AFI 15 – 157 (IP) for details.
(1) Do supporting Army organizations program and budget for support to AF weather units that provide weather
services for the installations tactical and garrison airfield and MC’s tactical mission on a non-reimbursable basis?
(2) Do supporting Army organizations provide services and support commensurate with that given to the Army?
(3) Do commanders submit documented deficiencies in weather operations and support identified during training,
operations, exercises, and contingencies to TRADOC?
(4) Do supporting commands have a negotiating intra-agency support agreement to document any recurring reim-
bursable expenses for AF-unique or above baseline level support in accordance with AR – 5 – 9 and DoDI 4000.19?
b. Weather services and needs.
(1) Do commanders identify and document their needs for weather services?
(2) Do Army commanders or organizations coordinate all weather information and service requests with the AF
SWO assigned to their respective organizations?
(3) If there is no SWO at their echelon, do Army commanders or organizations coordinate all weather information
and service requests with the SWO assigned to their next higher echelon?
(4) For organizations without a SWO assigned, do these organizations coordinate their weather information and
service requests with the DCS, G – 2?
(5) Do formal requests for specific weather information and services submitted to the DCS, G – 2 include why,
what, how, when, and where; along with justification, rationale, and impact to the mission; the impact to the mission
if not supported; mission-unique weather sensitivity thresholds (as required); and specific time period?
(6) Do ACOMs or organizations receive a written response to their requests from the DCS, G – 2?
c. Army-owned automated observing equipment.
(1) Do organizations owning automated weather observing systems have applicable operator manuals and TOs on
hand for each system?
(2) Do organizations operate automated weather observing systems in accordance with these operator manuals or
TOs?
(3) Have commanders investigated use of the AF weather contract as a means to purchase and maintain automated
weather observing systems?
(4) Are automated weather observing systems maintained, calibrated, and certified per Federal Meteorological
Handbook Number 1?
(5) Are procedures in place to provide the AF with weather data from Army-owned automated observing equip-
ment?
d. Army laboratories. Do laboratories collaborate with each other to advance the development of Soldier tools?
e. Extramural activities.
(1) Do commanders keep track of the meteorological equipment, expenditures, and activities within their organi-
zation?
AR 5–25 • 14 August 2023 15
(2) Do commanders report this information as directed for the annual Federal Meteorological Enterprise Budget
and Coordination Report?
B–5. Comments
Help make this a better tool for evaluating internal controls. Submit comments to the DCS, G – 2 (DAMI – OI), 1000
Army Pentagon, Washington, DC 20310 –1000 or electronically via email to usarmy.pentagon.hqda-dcs-g-2.mbx.g-
2-publications-suggested-imp1@army.mil.
AR 5–25 • 14 August 2023 16
Glossary
Section I
Abbreviations
ACOM
Army command
AF
Air Force
AFC
U.S. Army Futures Command
AFI
Air Force Instruction
AMC
U.S. Army Materiel Command
AR
Army regulation
ARCYBER
U.S. Army Cyber Command
ARIMS
Army Records Information Management System
ASA (ALT)
Assistant Secretary of the Army (Acquisition, Logistics and Technology)
ASA (IE&E)
Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations, Energy and Environment)
ASCC
Army service component command
ATEC
Army Test and Evaluation Command
CG
commanding general
CIO
Chief Information Officer
CoP
community of practice
DA
Department of the Army
DA Pam
Department of the Army pamphlet
DCS
Deputy Chief of Staff
DLT
desired lead time
DoD
Department of Defense
DoDI
Department of Defense instruction
AR 5–25 • 14 August 2023 17
DRU
direct reporting unit
FORSCOM
U.S. Army Forces Command
GC
garrison commander
IMCOM
U.S. Army Installation Management Command
IP
Inter-Service Publication
IT
information technology
MC
mission commander
NATO
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
NM
nautical mile
R&D
research and development
RDT&E
research, development, test, and evaluation
RRS–A
Records Retention Schedule-Army
SWO
staff weather officer
TO
technical order
TRADOC
U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command
USACE
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Section II
Terms
This section contains no entries.
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